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Step 1-01 updates
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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### CSS Properties
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Now that we've gone over adding HTML tags to the page, lets cover adding styles to those tags. We can do quite a lot with styles! We can change:
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Now that we've gone over adding HTML tags to the page, let's cover adding styles to those tags. We can do quite a lot with styles! We can change:
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- Typography
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- Colors
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@@ -13,21 +13,21 @@ Now that we've gone over adding HTML tags to the page, lets cover adding styles
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- Animations
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- and [many more](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference)
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CSS is always applied in `property: value` pairs, like `background: blue;` and are terminated with a semi colon.
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CSS styles are always written in `property: value` pairs (like `background: blue;`) and terminated with a semicolon.
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### Applying CSS to an HTML file
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CSS can be applied to HTML tags in three different ways.
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1. Inline - Styles are applied directly to the HTML tag
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1. Inline using an HTML tag's `style` attribute
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- `<div style="background: blue; color: white;">Hello </div>`
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2. Via a `<style>` tag in the HTML page
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3. Through an externally loaded CSS file
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3. Through an external CSS file
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- `<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css-demo-finished.css" />`
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### Targeting specific HTML tags
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### Targeting specific elements
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Inline styles are always applied directly to the element you place them on, style tags and external CSS files need a method for matching HTML elements with their prospective style sets. We call these "[CSS selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Selectors)", and they are just as important to learn as the properties/values themselves. When selectors are combined with CSS styles, we call this a ruleset.
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Inline styles are always applied directly to the element you place them on, but `<style>` tags and external CSS files need a way to match elements with their respective style sets. This is done with **[CSS selectors](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Selectors)**. When selectors are combined with CSS styles, we call this a **ruleset**.
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CSS rulesets take on the following form:
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@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ selector2 {
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}
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```
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Here's a more detailed view from [Chris Eppstein](https://twitter.com/chriseppstein/status/1100115119437111296)
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Here's a more detailed view from [Chris Eppstein](https://twitter.com/chriseppstein/status/1100115119437111296):
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<img src="../../assets/css-syntax.png"/>
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Selectors can be a single tag, class, ID, or attribute. It can also be a [combination](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/CSS/Introduction_to_CSS/Combinators_and_multiple_selectors) of those elements.
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Below are a series of selectors and property/value combinations that we'll apply to our CSS Demo page
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Below is a series of selectors and property/value combinations that we'll apply to our CSS demo page.
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```css
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/* Targeting the entire page */
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@@ -58,17 +58,17 @@ h1 {
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/* Color name */
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color: black;
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/* 6 digit hex */
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/* 6-digit hex */
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background: #ababab;
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/* Margin: property for each side */
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/* Margin: specified separately for each side */
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margin-bottom: 15px;
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margin-top: 15px;
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/* Shorthand: Padding applies to all sides */
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padding: 10px;
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/* 3 digit hex and border shorthand */
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/* Border shorthand and 3-digit hex */
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border: 1px solid #ddd;
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}
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@@ -82,18 +82,18 @@ span {
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display: flex;
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}
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/* Decendant selector */
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/* Descendant selector */
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.tiles img {
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width: 100%;
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}
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/* Direct decendant selector */
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/* Direct descendant selector */
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.tiles > div {
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/* rgb colors */
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/* rgb color */
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background: rgb(10, 10, 10);
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color: white;
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flex-basis: 100%;
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/* Longhand goes clockwise from top
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/* Padding/margin shorthand. Goes clockwise from top.
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10px - all
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10px 20px - top/bottom left/right
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10px 20px 15px - top left/right bottom
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@@ -113,18 +113,18 @@ a {
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color: white;
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}
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/* Pseudo hover selector */
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/* Hover pseudo-selector */
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a:hover {
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color: #ccc;
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}
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/* Sibling selectors */
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/* Sibling selector */
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a ~ a {
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/* Changing elements from inline to block */
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display: block;
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}
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/* Positional Pseudo Selectors */
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/* Positional pseudo-selector */
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.tiles > div:last-child {
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/* overrides margin-right but leaves other margins alone */
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margin-right: 0;
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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/* Targeting an HTML tag */
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/* Targeting the entire page */
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body {
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font: 1.2em sans-serif;
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}
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@@ -8,17 +8,17 @@ h1 {
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/* Color name */
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color: black;
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/* 6 digit hex */
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/* 6-digit hex */
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background: #ababab;
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/* Margin: property for each side */
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/* Margin: specified separately for each side */
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margin-bottom: 15px;
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margin-top: 15px;
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/* Shorthand: Padding applies to all sides */
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padding: 10px;
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/* 3 digit hex and border shorthand */
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/* Border shorthand and 3-digit hex */
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border: 1px solid #ddd;
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}
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@@ -32,18 +32,18 @@ span {
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display: flex;
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}
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/* Decendant selector */
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/* Descendant selector */
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.tiles img {
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width: 100%;
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}
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/* Direct decendant selector */
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/* Direct descendant selector */
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.tiles > div {
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/* rgb colors */
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/* rgb color */
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background: rgb(10, 10, 10);
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color: white;
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flex-basis: 100%;
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/* Longhand goes clockwise from top
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/* Padding/margin shorthand. Goes clockwise from top.
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10px - all
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10px 20px - top/bottom left/right
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10px 20px 15px - top left/right bottom
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@@ -63,18 +63,18 @@ a {
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color: white;
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}
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/* Pseudo hover selector */
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/* Hover pseudo-selector */
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a:hover {
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color: #ccc;
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}
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/* Sibling selectors */
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/* Sibling selector */
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a ~ a {
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/* Changing elements from inline to block */
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display: block;
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}
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/* Positional Pseudo Selectors */
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/* Positional pseudo-selector */
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.tiles > div:last-child {
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/* overrides margin-right but leaves other margins alone */
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margin-right: 0;
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