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- Introduced a new agent: universal-executor, designed for versatile task execution across various domains with a systematic approach. - Added comprehensive documentation for Codex subagents, detailing core architecture, API usage, lifecycle management, and output templates. - Created a new markdown file for Codex subagent usage guidelines, emphasizing parallel processing and structured deliverables. - Updated codex_prompt.md to clarify the deprecation of custom prompts in favor of skills for reusable instructions.
735 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
735 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
# Codex Subagent 策略补充文档
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## 1. 核心架构特点
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| 特点 | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| **独立会话上下文** | 每个 subagent 有独立 `agent_id`,上下文完全隔离 |
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| **并行执行** | 可同时创建多个 subagent 并行处理不同子任务 |
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| **无状态恢复** | `close_agent` 后不可恢复,需重新创建并粘贴旧输出 |
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| **显式生命周期** | 需主动管理创建、等待、关闭全流程 |
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| **无系统提示词** | subagent 无内置 system prompt,需在首条消息加载角色 |
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## 2. API 调用模式
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### 2.1 标准流程
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```
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spawn_agent → wait → [send_input] → close_agent
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↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
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创建任务 获取结果 追问纠偏 清理回收
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```
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### 2.2 关键 API 语义
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| API | 作用 | 注意事项 |
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|-----|------|----------|
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| `spawn_agent({ message })` | 创建 subagent | 返回 `agent_id` |
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| `wait({ ids, timeout_ms })` | 获取结果 | **唯一取结果入口**,非 close |
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| `send_input({ id, message, interrupt })` | 继续交互 | `interrupt=true` 慎用 |
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| `close_agent({ id })` | 关闭回收 | 不可逆,关闭后无法恢复 |
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### 2.3 常见误区
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- **误区**:以为 `close_agent` 返回结果
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- **正解**:`wait` 才是获取结果的入口,`close_agent` 只是清理
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- **误区**:`timeout` 超时 = 任务失败
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- **正解**:超时只表示未在指定时间内完成,可继续 `wait` 或 `send_input` 催促
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## 3. 与 Claude Code Task 工具对比
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| 维度 | Codex Subagent | Claude Code Task |
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|------|----------------|------------------|
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| **创建方式** | `spawn_agent({ message })` | `Task({ subagent_type, prompt })` |
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| **结果获取** | `wait({ ids })` 显式等待 | 同步返回或 `TaskOutput` 轮询 |
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| **多 agent 等待** | 支持批量 `wait({ ids: [a,b,c] })` | 需分别调用或并行发起 |
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| **追问/纠偏** | `send_input` 继续交互 | 需 `resume` 参数恢复 agent |
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| **中断能力** | `interrupt=true` 可打断 | 无对应机制 |
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| **生命周期** | 需显式 `close_agent` 清理 | 自动回收 |
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| **系统提示词** | **无**,需首条消息加载角色 | 内置 agent 定义 |
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| **上下文传递** | 在 message 中显式传递 | 部分 agent 可访问当前上下文 |
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### 3.1 适用场景对比
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**Codex Subagent 更适合**:
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- 需要批量等待多个并行任务的场景
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- 需要多轮交互、迭代纠偏的复杂任务
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- 对 agent 生命周期有精细控制需求
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**Claude Code Task 更适合**:
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- 单次执行、快速返回的任务
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- 需要利用预定义 agent 类型的场景
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- 简单的并行任务分发
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## 4. 角色加载规范(关键差异)
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### 4.1 问题背景
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Codex subagent **没有系统提示词**,无法像 Claude Code 那样通过 `subagent_type` 自动加载角色定义。
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**解决方案**:在 `spawn_agent` 的首条 message 中显式加载角色文件。
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### 4.2 角色文件位置
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```
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.codex/agents/
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├── cli-explore-agent.md # 代码探索
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├── cli-lite-planning-agent.md # 轻量规划
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├── code-developer.md # 代码开发
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├── context-search-agent.md # 上下文搜索
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├── debug-explore-agent.md # 调试探索
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├── doc-generator.md # 文档生成
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└── ... (共 20+ 角色)
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```
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### 4.3 角色加载模板
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```javascript
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// 标准 spawn_agent 消息结构
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spawn_agent({
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message: `
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## ROLE DEFINITION
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${Read('.codex/agents/{agent-type}.md')}
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## TASK CONTEXT
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${taskContext}
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## DELIVERABLES
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${deliverables}
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`
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})
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```
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### 4.4 角色映射表
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| Claude subagent_type | Codex 角色文件 |
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|----------------------|----------------|
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| `cli-explore-agent` | `.codex/agents/cli-explore-agent.md` |
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| `cli-lite-planning-agent` | `.codex/agents/cli-lite-planning-agent.md` |
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| `code-developer` | `.codex/agents/code-developer.md` |
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| `context-search-agent` | `.codex/agents/context-search-agent.md` |
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| `debug-explore-agent` | `.codex/agents/debug-explore-agent.md` |
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| `doc-generator` | `.codex/agents/doc-generator.md` |
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| `action-planning-agent` | `.codex/agents/action-planning-agent.md` |
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| `test-fix-agent` | `.codex/agents/test-fix-agent.md` |
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| `universal-executor` | `.codex/agents/universal-executor.md` |
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## 5. 结构化交付模式
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### 5.1 推荐输出模板
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```text
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Summary:
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- 一句话总结任务完成情况
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Findings:
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- 发现 1:具体描述
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- 发现 2:具体描述
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Proposed changes:
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- 文件/模块:path/to/file
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- 变更点:具体修改内容
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- 风险点:潜在影响
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Tests:
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- 需要新增/更新的用例:
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- 需要运行的测试命令:
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Open questions:
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1. 待澄清问题 1
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2. 待澄清问题 2
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```
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### 5.2 两阶段工作流
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```
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阶段 1:澄清
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spawn_agent → 只输出 Open questions
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↓
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主 agent 回答问题
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↓
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阶段 2:执行
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send_input → 输出完整方案
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```
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**优势**:减少因理解偏差导致的返工
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## 6. 并行拆分策略
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### 6.1 按职责域拆分(推荐)
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| Worker | 职责 | 交付物 | 禁止事项 |
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|--------|------|--------|----------|
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| **A(调研)** | 定位入口、调用链、相似实现 | 文件+符号+证据点 | 不写方案 |
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| **B(方案)** | 最小改动实现路径 | 变更点清单+风险评估 | 不写代码 |
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| **C(测试)** | 测试策略、边界条件 | 用例列表+覆盖点 | 不实现测试 |
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### 6.2 按模块域拆分
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```
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Worker 1: src/auth/** → 认证模块变更
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Worker 2: src/api/** → API 层变更
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Worker 3: src/database/** → 数据层变更
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```
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### 6.3 拆分原则
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1. **文件隔离**:避免多个 subagent 同时建议修改同一文件
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2. **职责单一**:每个 subagent 只做一件事
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3. **边界清晰**:超出范围必须在 `Open questions` 请求确认
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4. **最小上下文**:只传递完成任务所需的最小信息
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## 7. 消息设计规范
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### 7.1 spawn_agent message 结构(含角色加载)
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```text
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## ROLE DEFINITION
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{角色文件内容 - 从 .codex/agents/*.md 读取}
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---
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## TASK ASSIGNMENT
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Goal: 一句话目标(做什么)
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Scope:
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- 可做:允许的操作范围
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- 不可做:明确禁止的事项
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- 目录限制:只看 src/auth/**
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- 依赖限制:不允许引入新依赖
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Context:
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- 关键路径:src/auth/login.ts
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- 现状摘要:当前使用 JWT 认证
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- 约束条件:必须兼容现有 API
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Deliverables:
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- 按模板输出 Summary/Findings/Proposed changes/Tests/Open questions
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Quality bar:
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- 验收标准 1
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- 验收标准 2
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```
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### 7.2 send_input 追问模式
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```text
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# 回答澄清问题
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Re: Open question 1 - 答案是 XXX
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Re: Open question 2 - 请按 YYY 方式处理
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# 请继续输出完整方案
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```
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## 8. 错误处理与恢复
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### 8.1 超时处理
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```
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wait(timeout=30s) → timed_out=true
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↓
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选项 1: 继续 wait,等待完成
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选项 2: send_input 催促收敛
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选项 3: close_agent 放弃
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```
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### 8.2 已关闭 agent 恢复
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```
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close_agent(id) → agent 不可恢复
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↓
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spawn_agent(new_message) → 创建新 agent
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↓
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在 message 中粘贴旧输出作为上下文
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```
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## 9. 最佳实践清单
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- [ ] **首条消息加载角色**:从 `.codex/agents/*.md` 读取角色定义
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- [ ] 创建前明确 Goal/Scope/Context/Deliverables/Quality bar
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- [ ] 按职责或模块域拆分,避免文件冲突
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- [ ] 要求统一输出模板,便于合并
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- [ ] 用 `wait` 获取结果,不依赖 `close_agent`
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- [ ] 复杂任务使用两阶段工作流(先澄清后执行)
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- [ ] 不要提前 close,除非确定不再需要交互
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- [ ] 超时后评估是否继续等待或催促收敛
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- [ ] 合并结果时检查冲突和一致性
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---
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# Claude → Codex 多 Agent 命令转换规范
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## 10. 转换概述
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### 10.1 核心差异
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| 维度 | Claude Code | Codex |
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|------|-------------|-------|
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| **角色定义** | `subagent_type` 参数自动加载 | 首条 message 显式加载 |
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| **并行执行** | 多个 `Task()` 调用 | 多个 `spawn_agent()` + 批量 `wait()` |
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| **结果获取** | 同步返回或 TaskOutput 轮询 | `wait({ ids })` 显式等待 |
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| **追问/续做** | `resume` 参数 | `send_input()` |
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| **生命周期** | 自动回收 | 显式 `close_agent()` |
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### 10.2 转换原则
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1. **角色前置**:每个 subagent 首条消息必须包含角色定义
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2. **批量等待**:利用 `wait({ ids: [...] })` 实现真并行
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3. **结果汇聚**:主 agent 负责合并多个 subagent 结果
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4. **显式清理**:任务完成后统一 close
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## 11. 转换模板
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### 11.1 Claude Task 调用转换
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**Claude 原始调用**:
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```javascript
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Task(
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subagent_type = "cli-explore-agent",
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run_in_background = false,
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description = "Explore: architecture",
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prompt = `
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## Task Objective
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Execute architecture exploration...
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...
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`
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)
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```
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**Codex 转换后**:
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```javascript
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// Step 1: 读取角色定义
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const roleDefinition = Read('.codex/agents/cli-explore-agent.md')
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// Step 2: 创建 subagent(角色 + 任务合并)
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const agentId = spawn_agent({
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message: `
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## ROLE DEFINITION
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${roleDefinition}
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---
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## TASK ASSIGNMENT
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### Task Objective
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Execute architecture exploration...
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...
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### Output Format
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Summary/Findings/Proposed changes/Tests/Open questions
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`
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})
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// Step 3: 等待结果
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const result = wait({ ids: [agentId], timeout_ms: 300000 })
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// Step 4: 清理(可延迟到所有任务完成)
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close_agent({ id: agentId })
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```
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### 11.2 并行多 Agent 转换
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**Claude 原始调用**(并行 3 个 agent):
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```javascript
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// Claude: 发送多个 Task 调用
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const tasks = angles.map(angle =>
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Task(
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subagent_type = "cli-explore-agent",
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prompt = `Explore ${angle}...`
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)
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)
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```
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**Codex 转换后**:
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```javascript
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// Step 1: 读取角色定义(只读一次)
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const roleDefinition = Read('.codex/agents/cli-explore-agent.md')
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// Step 2: 并行创建多个 subagent
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const agentIds = angles.map(angle => {
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return spawn_agent({
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message: `
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## ROLE DEFINITION
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${roleDefinition}
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---
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## TASK ASSIGNMENT
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Goal: Execute ${angle} exploration
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Scope: ${scopeForAngle(angle)}
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Context: ${contextForAngle(angle)}
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Deliverables: JSON output following exploration schema
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`
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})
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})
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// Step 3: 批量等待所有结果(关键优势)
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const results = wait({
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ids: agentIds,
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timeout_ms: 600000 // 10 分钟
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})
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// Step 4: 汇总结果
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const aggregatedFindings = agentIds.map(id => results.status[id].completed)
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// Step 5: 批量清理
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agentIds.forEach(id => close_agent({ id }))
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```
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## 12. lite-plan 命令转换示例
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### 12.1 Phase 1: 探索阶段转换
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**Claude 原始实现**:
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```javascript
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// lite-plan.md Phase 1
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const explorationTasks = selectedAngles.map((angle, index) =>
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Task(
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subagent_type="cli-explore-agent",
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run_in_background=false,
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description=`Explore: ${angle}`,
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prompt=`
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## Task Objective
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Execute **${angle}** exploration...
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## Assigned Context
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- **Exploration Angle**: ${angle}
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...
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`
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)
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)
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```
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**Codex 转换后**:
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```javascript
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// Step 1: 加载角色定义
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const exploreRole = Read('.codex/agents/cli-explore-agent.md')
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// Step 2: 并行创建探索 subagent
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const explorationAgents = selectedAngles.map((angle, index) => {
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return spawn_agent({
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message: `
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## ROLE DEFINITION
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${exploreRole}
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---
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## TASK ASSIGNMENT
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### Task Objective
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Execute **${angle}** exploration for task planning context.
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### Assigned Context
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- **Exploration Angle**: ${angle}
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- **Task Description**: ${task_description}
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- **Exploration Index**: ${index + 1} of ${selectedAngles.length}
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- **Output File**: ${sessionFolder}/exploration-${angle}.json
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### MANDATORY FIRST STEPS
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1. Run: ccw tool exec get_modules_by_depth '{}'
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2. Run: rg -l "{keyword}" --type ts
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3. Execute: cat ~/.claude/workflows/cli-templates/schemas/explore-json-schema.json
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4. Read: .workflow/project-tech.json
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5. Read: .workflow/project-guidelines.json
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### Expected Output
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**File**: ${sessionFolder}/exploration-${angle}.json
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**Format**: JSON following explore-json-schema
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### Success Criteria
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- [ ] Schema obtained
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- [ ] At least 3 relevant files identified
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- [ ] JSON output follows schema exactly
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`
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})
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})
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// Step 3: 批量等待所有探索完成
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const explorationResults = wait({
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ids: explorationAgents,
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timeout_ms: 600000
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})
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// Step 4: 检查超时
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||
if (explorationResults.timed_out) {
|
||
// 部分 agent 可能仍在运行,决定是否继续等待
|
||
console.log('部分探索超时,继续等待或使用已完成结果')
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Step 5: 收集结果
|
||
const completedExplorations = {}
|
||
explorationAgents.forEach((agentId, index) => {
|
||
const angle = selectedAngles[index]
|
||
if (explorationResults.status[agentId].completed) {
|
||
completedExplorations[angle] = explorationResults.status[agentId].completed
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
// Step 6: 清理
|
||
explorationAgents.forEach(id => close_agent({ id }))
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 12.2 Phase 3: 规划阶段转换
|
||
|
||
**Claude 原始实现**:
|
||
```javascript
|
||
Task(
|
||
subagent_type="cli-lite-planning-agent",
|
||
run_in_background=false,
|
||
description="Generate detailed implementation plan",
|
||
prompt=`
|
||
Generate implementation plan and write plan.json.
|
||
## Output Schema Reference
|
||
...
|
||
`
|
||
)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**Codex 转换后**:
|
||
```javascript
|
||
// Step 1: 加载规划角色
|
||
const planningRole = Read('.codex/agents/cli-lite-planning-agent.md')
|
||
|
||
// Step 2: 创建规划 subagent
|
||
const planningAgent = spawn_agent({
|
||
message: `
|
||
## ROLE DEFINITION
|
||
${planningRole}
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## TASK ASSIGNMENT
|
||
|
||
### Objective
|
||
Generate implementation plan and write plan.json.
|
||
|
||
### Schema Reference
|
||
Execute: cat ~/.claude/workflows/cli-templates/schemas/plan-json-schema.json
|
||
|
||
### Project Context (MANDATORY)
|
||
1. Read: .workflow/project-tech.json
|
||
2. Read: .workflow/project-guidelines.json
|
||
|
||
### Task Description
|
||
${task_description}
|
||
|
||
### Multi-Angle Exploration Context
|
||
${manifest.explorations.map(exp => `
|
||
#### ${exp.angle}
|
||
Path: ${exp.path}
|
||
`).join('\n')}
|
||
|
||
### User Clarifications
|
||
${JSON.stringify(clarificationContext) || "None"}
|
||
|
||
### Complexity Level
|
||
${complexity}
|
||
|
||
### Requirements
|
||
- Generate plan.json following schema
|
||
- Tasks: 2-7 structured tasks (group by feature, NOT by file)
|
||
- Include depends_on for true dependencies only
|
||
|
||
### Output
|
||
Write: ${sessionFolder}/plan.json
|
||
Return: Brief completion summary
|
||
`
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
// Step 3: 等待规划完成
|
||
const planResult = wait({
|
||
ids: [planningAgent],
|
||
timeout_ms: 900000 // 15 分钟
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
// Step 4: 清理
|
||
close_agent({ id: planningAgent })
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 13. 完整工作流转换模板
|
||
|
||
### 13.1 Codex 多阶段工作流结构
|
||
|
||
```javascript
|
||
// ==================== Phase 1: 探索 ====================
|
||
const exploreRole = Read('.codex/agents/cli-explore-agent.md')
|
||
const explorationAgents = []
|
||
|
||
// 并行创建探索 agents
|
||
for (const angle of selectedAngles) {
|
||
explorationAgents.push(spawn_agent({
|
||
message: `
|
||
## ROLE DEFINITION
|
||
${exploreRole}
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## TASK: ${angle} Exploration
|
||
${buildExplorationPrompt(angle, task_description)}
|
||
`
|
||
}))
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 批量等待
|
||
const exploreResults = wait({ ids: explorationAgents, timeout_ms: 600000 })
|
||
|
||
// 收集结果
|
||
const explorations = collectResults(exploreResults, selectedAngles)
|
||
|
||
// 清理探索 agents
|
||
explorationAgents.forEach(id => close_agent({ id }))
|
||
|
||
// ==================== Phase 2: 澄清(可选)====================
|
||
const clarifications = aggregateClarifications(explorations)
|
||
|
||
if (clarifications.length > 0) {
|
||
// 两阶段模式:先收集问题,再追问
|
||
const clarifyAgent = spawn_agent({
|
||
message: `
|
||
## ROLE: Clarification Collector
|
||
|
||
## Questions to Ask User
|
||
${clarifications.map((q, i) => `${i+1}. ${q.question}`).join('\n')}
|
||
|
||
## Output Format
|
||
List questions with options and recommended choice.
|
||
`
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
const clarifyResult = wait({ ids: [clarifyAgent] })
|
||
|
||
// 主 agent 收集用户回答后,继续追问
|
||
send_input({
|
||
id: clarifyAgent,
|
||
message: `
|
||
## User Responses
|
||
${userResponses.map(r => `Q: ${r.question}\nA: ${r.answer}`).join('\n\n')}
|
||
|
||
## Next Step
|
||
Proceed to generate recommendations based on responses.
|
||
`
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
const finalClarify = wait({ ids: [clarifyAgent] })
|
||
close_agent({ id: clarifyAgent })
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// ==================== Phase 3: 规划 ====================
|
||
const planRole = Read('.codex/agents/cli-lite-planning-agent.md')
|
||
|
||
const planAgent = spawn_agent({
|
||
message: `
|
||
## ROLE DEFINITION
|
||
${planRole}
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## TASK: Generate Implementation Plan
|
||
${buildPlanningPrompt(task_description, explorations, clarificationContext)}
|
||
`
|
||
})
|
||
|
||
const planResult = wait({ ids: [planAgent], timeout_ms: 900000 })
|
||
close_agent({ id: planAgent })
|
||
|
||
// ==================== Phase 4: 确认 & 执行 ====================
|
||
// ... (主 agent 直接处理用户交互)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 14. 角色文件管理
|
||
|
||
### 14.1 角色文件结构规范
|
||
|
||
```markdown
|
||
---
|
||
name: {agent-name}
|
||
description: |
|
||
{简短描述,1-3行}
|
||
color: {blue|green|yellow|cyan|...}
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
{角色定义正文}
|
||
|
||
## Core Capabilities
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
## Execution Process
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
## Key Reminders
|
||
**ALWAYS**: ...
|
||
**NEVER**: ...
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 14.2 新增角色检查清单
|
||
|
||
- [ ] 文件位于 `.codex/agents/` 目录
|
||
- [ ] 包含 YAML front matter (name, description, color)
|
||
- [ ] 定义 Core Capabilities
|
||
- [ ] 定义 Execution Process/Workflow
|
||
- [ ] 包含 Key Reminders (ALWAYS/NEVER)
|
||
- [ ] 在 §4.4 角色映射表中添加条目
|
||
|
||
## 15. 常见转换问题
|
||
|
||
### 15.1 run_in_background 处理
|
||
|
||
**Claude**:`run_in_background=false` 表示同步等待
|
||
**Codex**:始终异步,通过 `wait()` 控制同步点
|
||
|
||
```javascript
|
||
// Claude: run_in_background=false
|
||
Task(subagent_type="...", run_in_background=false, prompt="...")
|
||
|
||
// Codex: spawn + 立即 wait
|
||
const agentId = spawn_agent({ message: "..." })
|
||
const result = wait({ ids: [agentId] }) // 阻塞直到完成
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 15.2 resume 转换
|
||
|
||
**Claude**:使用 `resume` 参数恢复 agent
|
||
**Codex**:使用 `send_input` 继续交互
|
||
|
||
```javascript
|
||
// Claude: resume
|
||
Task(subagent_type="...", resume=previousAgentId, prompt="Continue...")
|
||
|
||
// Codex: send_input(需 agent 未 close)
|
||
send_input({ id: previousAgentId, message: "Continue..." })
|
||
const result = wait({ ids: [previousAgentId] })
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 15.3 TaskOutput 轮询转换
|
||
|
||
**Claude**:`TaskOutput({ task_id, block: false })` 轮询
|
||
**Codex**:`wait({ ids, timeout_ms })` 带超时等待
|
||
|
||
```javascript
|
||
// Claude: 轮询模式
|
||
while (!done) {
|
||
const output = TaskOutput({ task_id: id, block: false })
|
||
if (output.status === 'completed') done = true
|
||
sleep(1000)
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Codex: 超时等待 + 重试
|
||
let result = wait({ ids: [id], timeout_ms: 30000 })
|
||
while (result.timed_out) {
|
||
result = wait({ ids: [id], timeout_ms: 30000 }) // 继续等待
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 16. 转换检查清单
|
||
|
||
转换 Claude 多 Agent 命令到 Codex 时,确保:
|
||
|
||
- [ ] **角色加载**:首条 message 包含 `.codex/agents/*.md` 内容
|
||
- [ ] **并行优化**:多个独立 agent 使用批量 `wait({ ids: [...] })`
|
||
- [ ] **超时处理**:设置合理 `timeout_ms`,处理 `timed_out` 情况
|
||
- [ ] **结果汇聚**:主 agent 负责合并 `status[id].completed`
|
||
- [ ] **显式清理**:任务完成后调用 `close_agent`
|
||
- [ ] **追问模式**:需要续做时使用 `send_input`,不要提前 close
|
||
- [ ] **输出模板**:要求 subagent 使用统一结构化输出格式
|