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124 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
124 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
# Step 2.3: Theming and Styling
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[Lessons](../) | [Exercise](./exercise/) | [Demo](./demo/)
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Theming and Styling with UI Fabric. In this section, we will illustrate how to utilize some of the built-in theming and styling features right inside UI Fabric component library. UI Fabric exposes its own css-in-js library called `mergeStyles` that is very performant compared with other similar libraries.
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A CodePen that illustrates what `mergeStyles` does: https://codepen.io/dzearing/pen/jGdgrE?editors=1011
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There are three areas that we should focus on in this step:
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1. Theming with Fabric
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2. CSS-in-JS with mergeStyles
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3. Customizing Fabric Components `styles` prop
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## 1. Theming with Fabric
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- Fabric applies themes by propagating the theme down the children through the React Context mechanism
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- It is applied with the `<Customizer>` component
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- There are some predefined themes within Fabric already, like Fluent (which will become the default in the next major), MDL2, Azure, and some other sample themes like Teams.
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- Take a look at `demo/src/components/TodoApp.tsx`
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## 2. CSS-in-JS with mergeStyles
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- `mergeStyles` is a styling library that creates CSS class from styles that are expressed in JS
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- These classes can be passed into `className` prop of any component like `<div>`
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- This library replaces the need to import CSS stylesheets because they are bundled as normal JS code
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- Take a look at `demo/src/components/TodoApp.tsx`
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## 3. Customizing Fabric Controls
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- calling `mergeStyles` is time consuming and very static
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- Fabric components expose a `styles` prop (not to be confused with the React built-in one called `style`)
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- You can use intellisense to discover which parts of the component you can to customize
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- You can even use a style function to change the style based on some style prop
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- Take a look at these customizations in `demo/src/components/TodoHeader.tsx`
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# Exercises
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## Themes - Using Predefined Theme
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Apply some included and predefined themes from the UI Fabric package inside the `/step2-03/exercise/src/components/TodoApp.tsx`. Do this by replacing:
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```ts
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import { FluentCustomizations } from '@uifabric/fluent-theme';
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```
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with:
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```ts
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import { TeamsCustomizations } from '@uifabric/theme-samples';
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```
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## Themes - Customized Theme
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Create your own theme and apply the color here: https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/fabric#/styles/themegenerator
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```ts
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import { loadTheme } from 'office-ui-fabric-react';
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loadTheme({
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palette: {
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themePrimary: '#0078d4',
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themeLighterAlt: '#eff6fc',
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themeLighter: '#deecf9',
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themeLight: '#c7e0f4',
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themeTertiary: '#71afe5',
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themeSecondary: '#2b88d8',
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themeDarkAlt: '#106ebe',
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themeDark: '#005a9e',
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themeDarker: '#004578',
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neutralLighterAlt: '#f8f8f8',
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neutralLighter: '#f4f4f4',
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neutralLight: '#eaeaea',
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neutralQuaternaryAlt: '#dadada',
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neutralQuaternary: '#d0d0d0',
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neutralTertiaryAlt: '#c8c8c8',
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neutralTertiary: '#c2c2c2',
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neutralSecondary: '#858585',
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neutralPrimaryAlt: '#4b4b4b',
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neutralPrimary: '#333333',
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neutralDark: '#272727',
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black: '#1d1d1d',
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white: '#ffffff'
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}
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});
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```
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1. Delete the `Customizer` component
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2. Paste in this code in the `TodoApp.tsx` before the `TodoApp` component definition
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3. Play around with the values and use intellisense to discover the `ITheme` type within VS Code
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## CSS in JS with MergeStyles
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The styling library name is glamorous nor does it bring about emotion, but it is very quick and lightweight. `MergeStyles` turns CSS Rules into CSS class names to be applied to the components.
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1. Try applying a merged style `className` as a prop inside `TodoApp`
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```tsx
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import { mergeStyles } from 'office-ui-fabric-react';
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const className = mergeStyles({
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backgroundColor: 'red',
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selectors: {
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':hover': {
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backgroundColor: 'blue'
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}
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}
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});
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```
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2. Try to give a few components extra padding
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## Customize the Fabric Components
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1. Open `exercise/src/components/TodoFooter.tsx`
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2. Find the `<DefaultButton>` and insert a `styles` prop
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3. Try to customize this with a styles object (let the Intellisense of VS Code guide you on what you can use to customize)
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4. Try to customize this with a styles function
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