frontend-bootcamp/step1-00

How the Web Works

A simple web page is rendered on the screen via the following steps

There are many sub steps in this process but these are the highlights

1. You instruct the browser which webpage you'd like to see
2. The browser looks up the site in a 'DNS Server'
   • This is like a big phone book for website server addresses
3. The browser asks the server to send over a specific page of the website developer.mozilla.org/filename.html or developer.mozilla.org
   • If asked for a 'root' level address, most servers will return 'root'/index.html
4. The server sends the HTML file back to the browser
5. The browser starts to read the HTML file from the top to the bottom, *stopping any time that additional resources are required
   • CSS stylesheets
   • JavaScript files
   • Fonts
   • Images
6. Browser makes requests for additional resources
   • Those resources might request even more files
7. Once the browser gets to the bottom of the page it can start rendering, and then load the page

HTML Demo

The HTML demo page is a large collection of HTML elements that you will come across during development. The full list of elements can be found on MDN.

To learn more about each element, click on the elements below.

Document Meta Data

• html - Root level element
• head - Provides general information (meta-data) about the page
• title - Defines document title shown via browser tab
• link - Links to external resource (usually stylesheets)
• style - Inline style tag

Content Sectioning

• section - Generic section of content
• header - Introductory content or navigational aid
• footer - Footer for nearest sectioning element
• main - Dominent content
• nav - Navigational aid
• article - Syndicated content
• aside - Related information
• h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 - Section headings

Block Text Content

• div - A generic block level container
• p - A paragraph
• ol - Ordered list (1,2,3)
• ul - Unordered list
• li - List item
• pre - Preformatted text

Inline Text Elements

• a - Anchor element for creating links to other pages, files, email
• span - Generic inline container
• b - Bring attention to content
• em - Stress emphasis
• i - Range of text set off from normal text
• sub - Subscript text
• sup - Superscript text
• code - Fragment of computer code (monospace)

Image and multimedia

• img - Embeds image into document

Table Content

• table - Root table container
• thead - Table head container
• tr - Table row
• th - Table head cell
• tbody - Table body container
• td - Normal table cell

Forms

• form - Form container
• label - Label text for form elements
• select - A dropdown container
• option - Dropdown elements
• input - A form field to collect various inputs. Types include:
  • text
  • checkbox
  • color
  • date
  • radio
  • submit